by
loiswakeman
@ 20 Sep. 2007 - 16:35:44
Back from a short trip to southern Germany (and very pretty it is too), I come bearing new morsels of info.
Many of our older readers will be familiar with the phrase borrowed from hipsters "Solid, Jackson" to denote a hefty pudding, an awkward-to-shift household appliance, or a large baulk of wood for instance.
The eponymous Jackson is not, as some would suppose, a boxer or jazz trombonist, but in fact a rather obscure nuclear chemist who worked in the USA from the late 1940s. His search for an elusive and previously-unsuspected third series of rare earth elements finally bore fruit in 1953, when he synthesised tiny quantities of a new element with the atomic number 119. Perhaps unsurprisingly, he called it "Jacksonium", having got fed up with the silly names ( * see below) of some other rare earths, and going for personal glory instead.
His methods were rather unorthodox, both then and now. He placed piles of heavy metal dust (including osmium and mercury) in a crucible together with a sprinkling of heavy water (deuterium oxide), and crushed it with a hydraulic press. Modern practice is to create it in a cyclotron, of course.
Because of its great density and relative inertness, Jacksonium has a few specialised uses. For example, tiny, tiny amounts are added in powdered form to the rubber used for deep-sea divers' boots, to prevent unexpected somersaulting. In the 1980s, it was a common constituent of the shells of "mobile" phones, when extreme solidity was seen as a positive virtue; this use has, obviously, disappeared in this brave new miniaturised century. However, it is estimated# that some 15% of items in the Unnovations catalogue employ Jacksonium to give their flimsier products an ersatz heftiness. (# Source: Dorkus and Wibble consumer survey, Jan 2005)
Younger readers will probably have come across element 119 in the form of brightly-coloured but strangely heavy anklets, on sale at pop festivals and used for traditional leg-pulling games.
* Ytterbium, Terbium, Erbium and Yttrium are all named after the Swedish town of Ytterby, about which most travel guides seem to have nothing to say. Hafnium, most oddly of all, was named for an obscure brand of Scandinavian tinned ham substitute, popular with mineralogists working in the tundra.